Gonads
Gonads include
ovary and testes.
1.
Ovary
Ovary secretes
many hormones. Here we will discuss only estrogens.
Estrogen
Ripening follicles secrete estrogen
hormone. From pituitary gland, FSH initiates the development of follicles.
Function of
the estrogen
·
Development of the secondary sexual characters
in the females is brought about by estrogen.
·
It also causes thickening of the uterine wall.
·
It exerts a positive feedback, at a point during
a menstrual cycle which result in sharp rise of LH output.
·
After menstruation, they help in repairing and
healing of uterine.
·
Some of the cells of uterine become glandular
under the influence of estrogen due to which proteinacious secretion are
secreted.
·
During early stages of development, these
secretions are taken up by the embryo.
·
Sexuality maturance fails in the young due to
the deficiency of the sex hormone
·
Its deficiency also cause sterility in the
adults.
2.
Testes
Many coiled
seminiferous tubules are present in the testes where spermatozoa are developed.
Regions of interstitial cells are produced between the tubules. Gonadal
hormones are called 17 β-hydroxytestosterone and testosterone.
Functions of testosterone
·
The sex hormones in the foteus produce this
hormone after the initiation of the development.
·
Until puberty, their level increase steadily.
·
The level of testosterone remains constant
after puberty.
·
The development of the sex organs is initiated
by this hormone in the foteus.
·
The development of the male secondary
characteristics is brought by this hormone during puberty.
·
It also promotes sex drive.
·
The castrated males are not able to develop
secondary sexual characteristics and their body tends more towards the immature
female.
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