Human urinary system consists of following parts:
· Kidney
· Ureter
· Urinary bladder
· Urethra
Kidney
Kidney is the bean shaped organ present below the diaphragm on the both right and left side of the body. It is in paired form.
Nephron
It is the structural and functional unit of kidney. Nephron receives huge blood supply through renal arteries .this blood leaves kidney through renal veins.
· Outer part of kidney is called cortex while inner one is called medulla.
· It consists of proximal tubule, loop of henle and distal tubule.
· Its function is filtrations, reabsorption and secretion.
Weight of kidney
· Its weight is less than 1% of total body weight while during with cardiac beat it receives 20% of blood.
· Pelvis
· It is the central cavity of kidney where urine is collected through filtration of blood and further tubular system processing.
Ureter
Duct through which urine leaves the kidney is called ureter.
Gall bladder
It is the muscular sac into which ureters of both kidneys are drained through ureter orifice.
Urethra
· It is the tube through which urine leaves the body through urination from bladder.
· In female, it is emptied near vagina while in males it empties in penis.
Sphincter muscles
· These are the muscles which control the urine in the bladder.
· They are located near the junction of urethra and bladder.
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